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In recent years,urban flood disasters have become more frequent under global climate change,and flood risk has intensified with China' s rapid urbanization,highlighting an urgent need to enhance urban flood resilience. To support systematic assessment and diagnose key weaknesses,this study develops a multi-dimensional,full life-cycle indicator system for urban flood resilience using a four-dimensional analytical framework—reliability,robustness,recovery speed,and adaptability—while explicitly accounting for the critical stages of “prevention-resistance-recovery-adaptation”. Based on the proposed indicator system,corresponding strategies are further suggested to strengthen weak links and provide technical support for scientifically improving urban flood resilience.
Against the backdrop of climate change and other multifactorial influences,urban flood disasters are becoming increasingly frequent. For megacities,constructing an urban flood control system solely from the perspective of combating disasters is unlikely to be fully effective and it is also uneconomical to raise urban flood control standards to the level required for extreme disasters. Therefore,improving urban flood resilience has become a critical direction for megacities in addressing extreme rainstorm and flood events. Based on the investigation of flood disasters and case studies from typical megacities,this paper explores the basic characteristics of flood disasters in megacities,focusing on the unique complexity of flood disaster prevention and control,the chain amplification effect of flood disasters,and the uncertainty of disasters under climate change. It identifies key deficiencies in the flood resilience of megacities,such as the lack of risk awareness,inadequate grassroots response systems,insufficient on-site emergency measures,and weak multidimensional resilience frameworks. The paper proposes basic strategies to enhance flood resilience,including strengthening prevention and risk avoidance,improving flood detection and early warning systems,implementing joint prevention and control measures,and leveraging technological empowerment. It further suggests specific pathways for resilience enhancement,including popularizing flood disaster risk education,constructing a comprehensive safety and emergency framework,enhancing three-dimensional collaborative perception,improving precise early warning and response systems,strengthening disaster chain interruption measures,and promoting intelligent flood response systems. The research provides a macroscopic analysis of strategies and pathways for improving the flood resilience of megacities in China and offers valuable reference for flood control and resilience enhancement efforts in such cities.
Under China' s nationwide strategy to comprehensively advance rural revitalization,the synergy between reservoir resettlement and rural industrial development faces three key challenges: fragmented industrial layout,insufficient funding,and structural shortages in human resources. Using the resettlement practices of the Shatuo Hydropower Station in Guizhou Province as an empirical case,this study innovatively constructs an “integrated one-core,three-support” model.This model centers on the precise cultivation of distinctive rural industries as its core pillar,supported by three mechanisms: funds and industrial integration,systematic optimization of infrastructure,and life-cycle planning technology intervention. It establishes a synergistic linkage mechanism for reservoir resettlement and rural industrial development,proposing that reservoir resettlement be transformed into a strategic pivot for rural revitalization. The model aims to address bottlenecks in rural industrial growth by emphasizing coordinated immigration and industrial planning,multi-stakeholder collaboration among governments,enterprises,and industrial entities,and a technology-enabled,long-term framework where specialized institutions deeply participate in local industrial development. The main research content and conclusions can provide replicable institutional innovations for similar regions.
Water proximity is a fundamental human need for survival. Utilizing urban public waterfront spaces to provide places for people to enjoy and interact with water is an essential practice in the construction of ecological civilization. This paper introduces and interprets the concept and connotation of the water proximity index,constructing an evaluation index system and its derivative indicators based on five dimensions: safety and convenience,ecological health,water proximity comfort,popularity and vitality,and demonstration effect. The weight of each indicator is determined using the Analytic Hierarchy Process( AHP),and practical application ideas are proposed. Focusing on the completed Ecological Belt project in Guangdong,the water proximity index indicator system is applied to statistically analyze the water proximity index of 147 Ecological Belts in Guangdong,evaluating the comprehensive water proximity index of both individual Ecological Belts and regions through a combination of point-and-area approaches. This supports the launch of a series of products,including the Most Romantic Ecological Belt,Sports Ecological Belt,and the Water Proximity Camping Map in Guangdong. The results have been widely applied in the construction and promotion of Ecological Belts in Guangdong Province and are expected to be extended to evaluate the social service functions of river and lake ecological spaces in other regions.
The post-resettlement support for reservoir immigrants plays a critical role in consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation and advancing the rural revitalization strategy. With the shift in focus towards industrial support in the current post-resettlement assistance efforts,most research has tended to summarize local experiences with specific types of industrial support projects. However,there is a relative lack of systematic integration when it comes to addressing the various elements of industrial support. This paper,based on the theory of dynamic mechanisms,explores the internal and external challenges faced in empowering immigrants development through industrial support projects,and proposes strategies to address these challenges. The study finds that industrial support projects often suffer from insufficient endogenous growth capacity,a lack of exogenous support capacity,and a deficiency in internal-external synergies. To achieve the sustainable development of supporting industries in the later stages,it is essential to approach this challenge from three dimensions: activating internal driving forces,strengthening external support,and fostering synergy between the internal and external drivers. This will enhance the self-driving capabilities and innovation of immigrants,strengthen policy and financial support,improve the mechanism for benefit-sharing,and open up diverse channels for participation,thus ensuring the effective coupling of subjects,forces,and motivations.
In recent years,the concept of “dual carbon” has gained increasing attention,with many explorations and practices carried out at both domestically and internationally to address carbon emission reduction in the water sector. However,little research has focused on the integration of the “dual carbon” strategy with smart water conservancy. Utilizing information and intelligent technologies to promote the green and low-carbon development of the water conservancy is thus crucial.This paper briefly introduces the background of the “dual carbon” strategy and emphasizes the significance of building a smart water conservancy system to achieve the “dual carbon” goals. It reviews the current state of “dual carbon” research in the water conservancy,analyzes application scenarios for integrating “dual carbon” with smart water conservancy,and examines four key areas induding optimizing the overall framework,updating and improving infrastructure,enhancing evaluation and accounting capabilities,and deepening the integration of business applications. This paper reflects on the current focus of smart water conservancy building,proposes relevant strategies,and provides a forward-looking perspective on the development of smart water conservancy systems under the “dual carbon” framework.
To address the operational demands of flood prevention and drainage in high-density urban areas,this study develops an integrated forecasting and scheduling model system tailored to the “four-pre” framework—forecasting,early warning,rehearsal,and contingency planning. The system comprises four core components:( 1) a flood forecasting model that incorporates a three-dimensional water exchange mechanism linking river channels,drainage networks,and surface runoff;( 2) an AI-powered flood prediction model;( 3) a joint regulation model for hydraulic infrastructure; and( 4) a real-time emergency resource allocation model. Building upon this system,a digital platform is further developed to enable rapid simulation and refined visualization of urban flooding. This platform leverages a selectively driven multi-path urban water flow simulation method and advanced 3D visualization technologies based on texture mapping and Shader rendering. The proposed framework and platform offer practical tools and technical references for advancing intelligent flood resilience in densely populated cities.
Reservoir resettlement is a long-term and complex social system project. Although governments at all levels have continuously deepened the implementation of various support policies,problems such as insufficient policy targeting and limited sustainability still persist. This paper reviews existing research on post-resettlement in Liaoning Province,systematically analyzes the current policy framework and implementation status,and summarizes both the achievements and remaining challenges. Based on this analysis,the study proposes an integrated support mechanism for the high-quality development of reservoir immigrants. This mechanism incorporates targeted measures in industrial development,livable resettlement area construction,long-term supervision and evaluation,policy coordination and resource integration,as well as information dissemination. An implementation pathway is proposed to further improve the living and production conditions of reservoir immigrants,promote their social integration with host communities,and provide practical guidance for advancing the high-quality development of reservoir resettlement in Liaoning Province.
Unconventional water is a critical component of regional water resources allocation. Enhancing its unconventional utilization plays an essential role in augmenting water supply,reducing pollutant discharge,and supporting the implementation of comprehensive water conservation strategies. In practice,the utilization of unconventional water varies significantly across regions with different water resource endowments. This study examines the characteristics of unconventional water utilization in four representative area types within the Taihu Lake Basin: island areas,highly urbanized areas,water environmentally sensitive zones,and water-receiving areas of inter-basin water diversion projects. Focusing on existing challenges and guided by the objective of improving utilization efficiency,this paper proposes countermeasures and suggestions to enhance the quality and effectiveness of unconventional water utilization in each type of region. The findings aim to provide reference and guidance for advancing unconventional water practices in water-abundant areas across South China.
As one of the important water resource strategic areas in China,the surface water area changes in the Yangtze River Basin directly affect regional water supply stability and water security,thereby affecting regional water resource security. Based on Landsat series remote sensing images,this article extracts and statistically analyzes the water surface area of the Yangtze River Basin and its sub basins from 1987 to 2024,and explores the spatiotemporal and intra annual variation patterns. The results indicate that,on an annual scale,the increase in upstream water area dominates the growth of the entire watershed water area,while the shrinkage of water area in the middle and lower reaches is severe. From a monthly perspective,the seasonal variation pattern of water body area has undergone significant changes since 2000 compared to before2000. The amplitude of seasonal fluctuations has decreased,and the average monthly water body area in most sub basins has increased. The regions distributed along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River have shown the opposite trend. Therefore,it is necessary to conduct long-term monitoring for different regions and strengthen the diversified scheduling and management of water resources. The results of this study can provide some reference for formulating reasonable regional water resources management strategies in the Yangtze River Basin.